Page 30 - SPEMD_62-1

24 rev port estomatol med dent cir maxilofac. 2021;62(1):23-28

Correlação entre atratividade da face a sorrir e dos seus componentes,
em homens e mulheres

r e s u m o

Palavras-chave: Objetivos: A estética é o principal motivo para procurar tratamento ortodôntico, o que de-
Atratividade monstra a importância da atratividade do sorriso nas relações humanas. O objetivo deste
Estética facial estudo foi quantificar a contribuição do sorriso e de outros componentes da face para a
Componentes da face atratividade facial.
Leigos Métodos: Antes do tratamento ortodôntico, a atratividade de 60 indivíduos (30 homens, 30
Sorriso mulheres) foi avaliada por oito leigos usando uma Escala Visual Analógica. Foram realizadas
correlações de Pearson e stepwise, entre a atratividade da face a sorrir e a atratividade dos
componentes faciais: o sorriso, os dois terços superiores e o terço inferior da face.
Resultados: Para toda a amostra, foram encontradas correlações fortes a moderadas entre a
atratividade facial e o sorriso (r = 0,71), o terço inferior (r = 0,70) e os dois terços superiores
da face (r = 0,42). Quando divididos por género, os valores de correlação dos componentes
faciais eram moderados e semelhantes entre si, para os homens. Para as mulheres, a face
mostrou fortes correlações com o sorriso (r = 0,83) e a atratividade do terço inferior (r = 0,75).
Conclusões: Em geral, foram encontradas correlações entre a atratividade da face a sorrir e
os componentes. Para os homens, o terço inferior da face foi responsável por 66% da varia-
ção da atratividade facial. No caso das mulheres, 83% da variação da atratividade facial pode
ser atribuída ao sorriso, aumentando o valor para 86% quando os dois terços superiores são
adicionados. (Rev Port Estomatol Med Dent Cir Maxilofac. 2021;62(1):23-28)
© 2021 Sociedade Portuguesa de Estomatologia e Medicina Dentária.
Published by SPEMD. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

10
years of age, followed by strength and weight. The dentofa-
Introduction
cial features most commonly bullied were spaced or missing
The face is the most important factor when judging overall frontal teeth, tooth color and shape, and prominent maxillary
attractiveness, with the eyes, teeth, and skin having a signifi- incisors.
cant role. An attractive face with an unattractive smile has According to a systematic review, anterior malocclusions
1
been shown to lead to better social judgments than an un- have a negative social and emotional impact on children and
pleasant face with beautiful teeth. Although overall facial adolescents. Severe dental malocclusions can limit young
11
2,3
attractiveness seems more important than normally posi- adults’ social capacities, and orthodontic correction can in-
tioned incisors, a severe malocclusion in a very good -looking crease self -esteem significantly. 12,13 In a longitudinal study
face draws more attention to the oral area. Orthodontic treat- where a group of individuals was evaluated during adoles-
ment is more demanding in these cases. 4 cence and then adulthood, 11% reported that teeth were the
14
When looking at a face, laypersons’ attention disperses to body component that most worried them. Almost all the
all the facial components, decreasing the focus on teeth’s lit- respondents in this group had a malocclusion. The dental ap-
5
tle imperfections. Malocclusions seen in the context of a whole pearance was the third characteristic most cited by laypersons,
face are considered more attractive than the same teeth in a only preceded by body build and skin.
6
close -up circum -oral view. Chang et al. demonstrated that In the literature, some studies have assessed the prefer-
smile variables that are evaluated independently of the face, ences between males and females for the opposite gender,
7
like gingival height, are not affected by facial attractiveness. based on measurements of different facial components. 15,16
On the other hand, smile variables evaluated in relation to the The hypothesis of multiple motives for attractiveness was for-
face, such as the smile arch, the gingival exposure, or the upper mulated. Males preferred feminine faces with some neonate
midline, are influenced by facial attractiveness. features like large eyes and forehead, small nose and chin, and
15
The importance given to smile aesthetics depends on age protruded lips; maturity features like prominent zygomatic
and gender, assuming greater relevance in women and young bones and narrow cheeks; and expressive features like a large
adults, while children are only concerned with their smiles smile, large pupils, and high eyebrows. Women also preferred
when it motivates teasing by their peers. Dental appearance masculine faces with a mix of features: neonate characteris-
8,9
has been suggested to be the fourth reason for harassment tics like large eyes; mature features such as prominent cheek-
between young children, only preceded by height, weight, and bones, a large mandible, strong and pronounced chin, large
9
hair. Another study even showed that teeth were the most eyebrows, and thin lips; and expressive features such as a large
relevant target for bullying in children between 11 and 12 smile and high arched eyebrows. 16