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22                      rev port estomatol med dent cir maxilofac. 2018;59(1):18-23


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           when compared to the Serbia military (27.7%),  the Iran mili-  Appendices
                    9
           tary (31.4%)  and the Portuguese Navy (42.8%). 16
             In our study, most of the sample did not use a mouthwash   Supplementary content Supplementary data associated with
           (64.8%) and did not brush their tongue daily (91.8%). Similar   this article can be found, in the online version, at http://doi.
                                          3
           values were found on the Serbian Army,  where 74.3% did not   org/10.24873/j.rpemd.2018.06.217.
           use mouthwash, and on the Dutch Army, where 75% of the
           military personnel did not brush their tongue daily. 11
             This work showed that 45.9% of the studied military person-  references
           nel were current smokers. However, the Lithuanian Army recruits   1. Gil-Montoya JA, de Mello ALF, Barrios R, Gonzalez-Moles MA,
           showed higher values (62.4%).  On the other hand, the Swiss   Bravo M. Oral health in the elderly patient and its impact on
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             Regarding dental appointments, 18.9% of the sample had   2. Araújo V-S, Godinho E-L, Farias L-C, Marques-Silva L, Santos
           not visited the dentist for more than a year while 23.8% had   S-H-S, Rodrigues-Neto J-F, et al. Prevalence of oral mucosal
           visited the dentist within the previous year and 45.1% had vis-  lesions in a brazilian military police population. J Clin Exp
                                                                 Dent. 2015;7:e208-e211.
           ited the dentist in the previous 6 months. Although these results   3. Kovačević V, Milosavljević M, Rančić N, Daković D.
           are similar to the results showed in a study on the Australian   Assessment of the periodontal health and community
               24
           Army,  where only 34.3% had visited a dental professional in   periodontal index in the Army of Serbia. Vojnosanit Pregl.
           the previous 12 months, they are not in accordance with other   2015;72:953-60.
           several studies. For example, the research developed on the De-  4. Kudo Y, John MT, Saito Y, Sur S, Furuyama C, Tsukasaki H, et
                                        31
           partment of Defense Recruits in 2008  reported that 40.8% of   al. Oral health in the Japan self-defense forces-a
                                                                 representative survey. BMC Oral Health. 2011;11-4.
           the sample had seen a dentist within the previous 12 months.   5. Sutthavong S, Cae-ngow S, Rangsin R. Oral health survey of
                                              10
           Furthermore, in studies on the Croatian Army and the Portu-  military personnel in the Phramongkutklao Hospital,
           guese Forces,  81% and 86% of the respondents, respectively,   Thailand. J Med Assoc Thail. 2011;92:84-90.
                     16
           had visited a dentist in the previous 12 months. Nevertheless,   6. Al-Ofeishat SM, Alsakarna BK, Abdallat HH, Alshaman AD,
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           was some kind of emergency condition. 10              dental caries in the Jordanian joint special operations
                                                                 personnel. Pakistan Oral Dent J. 2013;33:97-101.
                                                               7. von Wilmowsky C, Kiesewetter MR, Moest T. Dental
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                                                                 deployment. J R Army Med Corps. 2014;160:42-5.
                                                               8. Petersen PE, Bourgeois D, Ogawa H, Estupinan-Day S, Ndiaye
           Despite the limitations of this research, mainly related to the   C. The global burden of oral diseases and risks to oral health.
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           caries in the examined Portuguese military sample was high   9. Khalilazar L, Khoshdel AR. Oral Health Profile in Iranian
           (51.6%±7.4%;  DMFT, 4.6±3.5).  Army soldiers  seems to need   Armed Force: Focusing on Prevention Strategies. J Arch Mil
           more information about oral-hygiene behaviors and more   Med. 2016;4:e39275.
           promotion and motivation for oral health. The analyzed sam-  10. Škec V, Macan JŠ, Sušac M, Jokić D, Brajdić D, Macan D.
           ple only booked a dental appointment when they had an oral   Influence of Oral Hygiene on Oral Health of Recruits and
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                                                              11. Buunk-Werkhoven YAB, Dijkstra A, van der Wal H, Basic N,
                                                                 Loomans SA, van der Schans CP, et al. Promoting Oral Hygiene
                                                                 Behavior in Recruits in the Dutch Army. Mil Med. 2009;174:971-6.
           Ethical disclosures                                12. Guimarães MI, Silveira A, Sequeira T, Gonçalves J, Carneiro
                                                                 Sousa MJ, Valenzuela A. Forensic Medicine and the Military
           Protection of human and animal subjects. -  The  authors   Polulation: international dental records and personal
           declare that the procedures followed were in accordance with   identification concerns. Acta Med Port. 2017;30:100-7.
           the regulations of the relevant clinical research ethics com-  13. Borges GL, Fernandes N, Bação A, Lima S. Prevalência de cárie
           mittee and with those of the Code of Ethics of the World Med-  dentária em militares de tropas especiais mobilizados para
                                                                 uma Força Nacional Destacada. Rev Port Estomatol Med
           ical Association (Declaration of Helsinki).
                                                                 Dentária e Cir Maxilofac. 2016;57:28.
           Confidentiality of data. The authors declare that no patient   14. Borges GL, Bação A, Lima S. CPOD e reflexões sobre saúde oral
           data appear in this article.                          no aprontamento de força militar para missão no exterior.
                                                                 Rev Port Estomatol Med Dentária e Cir Maxilofac. 2015;56:5-6.
           Right to privacy and informed consent. The authors have   15. Fernandes N, Bessa C, Borges GL, Ramos PM, Rosa T. NATO
           obtained the written informed consent of the patients or sub-  Trident Juncture–o papel da medicina dentária no apoio às
           jects mentioned in the article. The corresponding author is in   operações militares. Rev Port Estomatol Med Dentária e Cir
           possession of this document.                          Maxilofac. 2016;57:40.
                                                              16. Ana Teresa Menezes e Castro Senra. Caracterização da saúde
                                                                 oral numa amostra de militares da base naval de Lisboa.
                                                                 Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Viseu; 2015.
           Conflict of interest                               17. Victor Abreu Assunção. Avaliação da literacia em saúde oral e
                                                                 da saúde oral dos alistados e oficiais da Escola da Guarda –
           The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.  GNR. Universidade de Lisboa; 2015.
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