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Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia,
Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial

rev port estomatol med dent cir maxilofac. 2017;58(4):199-204

Original research

Prevalence of malocclusion in children
with upper airway obstruction

a
b,
a
c
a
Mariana M Tinano , Joana Godinho *, Helena MG Becker , Letícia P Franco , Bernardo Q Souki
a Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
b Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
c Faculty of Odontology, Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t

Article history: Objectives: To report epidemiological data on the prevalence of malocclusion in a group of
Received 3 June 2017 children admitted to a referral mouth-breathing otorhinolaryngological hospital center, and to
Accepted 8 January 2018 evaluate the association between upper airway obstruction and different dental malocclusions.
Available online 2 February 2018 Methods: One thousand and two oral breathing children, with a mean age of 6.7 ± 2.7, were
evaluated by a multidisciplinary team. The inter-arch relation was recorded in the sagittal,
Keywords: vertical and transversal planes and the chi-square test was performed to evaluate associa-
Adenoids tions between malocclusion and mouth breathing (airway obstruction due to enlarged ton-
Allergic rhinitis sils or adenoids and/or allergic rhinitis).
Malocclusion Results: Tonsillar hypertrophy causing significant airway obstruction was detected in 41.3% of
Mouth breathing this sample, adenoid hypertrophy in 54.1%, and allergic rhinitis in 68.1%. Open bite and class
Prevalence II malocclusions were detected in approximately 30% of the children, and posterior crossbite
Tonsils in 25%. More than half of the mouth-breathing children had a normal inter-arch relationship
in the sagittal (59.3%), vertical (53.0%) and transversal planes (75.1%). The chi-square analysis
detected a non-significant association between oral breathing and malocclusion.
Conclusions: Most of the evaluated oral breathing children presented a normal dental rela-
tionship in the vertical, transverse and sagittal planes. The association between Angle class
II, open bite and crossbite and type of nasal obstruction was not significant. (Rev Port Esto-
matol Med Dent Cir Maxilofac. 2017;58(4):199-204)
© 2017 Sociedade Portuguesa de Estomatologia e Medicina Dentária.
Publicado por SPEMD. Este é um artigo Open Access sob uma licença CC BY -NC -ND
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by -nc -nd/4.0/).

* Corresponding author.
Correio eletrónico: jgodinho@mail.com (Joana Godinho).
http://doi.org/10.24873/j.rpemd.2017.12.209
1646-2890/© 2017 Sociedade Portuguesa de Estomatologia e Medicina Dentária. Published by SPEMD.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).