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46
making it susceptible to fracture. Conversely, Lee et al. re- Confidentiality of data. The authors declare that no patient
ported that incorporating only 0.5wt% of nGO significantly data appear in this article.

enhanced FS and FM. Nevertheless, higher nGO concentrations
(1wt% and 2wt%) showed decreased FS values (lower than the Right to privacy and informed consent. The authors declare
that no patient data appear in this article.
control). These contradictory results can be explained by dif-
ferences between the two studies in the processes of graphene
addition to resin and oral-environment stimulation before the CRediT authorship contribution statement
44
bending tests. Gosh et al., kept the samples in water at 37ºC
46
for two weeks, while Lee et al. kept them for only 48h. Di Helena Salgado: Conceptualization, Methodology, Project
Carlo et al. also observed a significantly higher FS and FM in administration, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing—
43
G-CAM resin compared to PMMA resin; however, the % of original draft. Patrícia Fonseca: Conceptualization, Method-
graphene in G-CAM resin in that study is unknown and may ology, Formal analysis, and interpretation, Data curation,
47
explain the difference in results. Agarwalla et al. evaluated Validation. Pedro Mesquita: Writing—review and editing,
the BFS to characterize the mechanical strength and reliabili-
ty of the materials and verified a higher BFS in graphene resin, Validation, Supervision. Maria Helena Figueiral: Formal
although without statistical significance. Once again, the ab- analysis, Data curation, Writing—review and editing, Valida-
sence of information regarding the % of graphene contained tion. Mário Vaz: Writing—review and editing, Validation.
in the resin makes it difficult to interpret and compare the
results with other studies. orcid
The IS of a material is defined as its capability to resist a
sudden applied load or force. In prosthodontics, it is an im- Helena Salgado 0000-0001-9134-6688
48
portant predicting factor of clinical performance. Leite et al. Patrícia Fonseca 0000-0002-1500-8465
verified an improvement of IS in the specimens with a lower
% of graphene (1/5 and 1/4) compared to those without Mário Vaz 0000-0002-6347-9608
graphene. Once again, the lower graphene concentrations Maria Helena Figueiral 0000-0001-8583-8096
showed to be the most efficient in improving the mechanical Pedro Mesquita 0000-0003-0735-2482
properties of the resin. This finding agrees with Alamgir et
al. results, despite having evaluated different mechanical
45
properties. references
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